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Heparin is an endogenous glycosaminoglycan that is produced by mast cells and basophils and exhibits a negative charge. Heparin displays anticoagulant activity. Heparin binds antithrombin III, activating the protein and inhibiting binding and activation of thrombin and Factor Xa. In vivo, heparin may inhibit the formation of bone and cartilage. Heparin is also a natural ligand for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), an oncogenic kinase involved in anaplastic large-cell lymphomas.
| Cas No. | 9041-08-1 |
|---|---|
| Purity | Bioassay ≥140 U/mg |
| Formula Wt. | 4,000-6,000 Da |
| IUPAC Name | (4S,6R)-6-[(2R,4R)-4,6-dihydroxy-5-(sulfonatoamino)-2-(sulfonatooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-5-sulfonatooxyoxane-2-carboxylate |
| Synonym | Heparin sodium salt, Heprinar, Hepsal, Monoparin, Panheprin, Liquaemin Sodium, Minihep, Thrombophob, Unihep |
| Solubility | Soluble in water (50mg/mL) and saline solutions. Practically insoluble in alcohol, acetone, benzene, chloroform or ether. DMSO <1 mg/mL |
| Appearance | White or almost white amorphous powder |
| Store Temp | 4°C |
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| Ship Temp | Ambient |
| MSDS | |
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| Info Sheet |
Murray PB, Lax I, Reshetnyak A, et al. Heparin is an activating ligand of the orphan receptor tyrosine kinase ALK. Sci Signal. 2015 Jan 20;8(360):ra6. PMID: 25605972.
Brkljacic J, Pauk M, Erjavec I, et al. Exogenous heparin binds and inhibits bone morphogenetic protein 6 biological activity. Int Orthop. 2013 Mar;37(3):529-41. PMID: 23307015.
Chuang YJ, Swanson R, Raja SM, et al. Heparin enhances the specificity of antithrombin for thrombin and factor Xa independent of the reactive center loop sequence. Evidence for an exosite determinant of factor Xa specificity in heparin-activated antithrombin. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 4;276(18):14961-71. PMID: 11278930.
Yokoyama T, Takeuchi A, Yamamoto M, et al. Heparin enhances the cell-protein misfolding cyclic amplification efficiency of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Neurosci Lett. 2011 Jul 8;498(2):119-123. PMID: 21565253.