Description
Wogonin is a plant flavonoid originally found in species of Scutellaria. Wogonin exhibits anticancer chemotherapeutic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic activities. In lung adenocarcinoma cells, wogonin downregulates expression of c-Myc, SKP2, HDAC1/2, and GSK-3β, inducing apoptosis. In other cancer cell lines, this compound inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) and downregulates expression of anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1, also inducing apoptosis. In animal models of colon cancer, wogonin downregulates expression of HIF-1α and PI3K/Akt and inhibits tumor growth. In endothelial cells, wogonin inhibits phosphorylation of VEGFR2, ERK, Akt, and p38 MAPK, preventing cell migration and tube formation. Additionally, wogonin also inhibits expression of iNOS and COX-2 across various cell lines.