Description
Kaempferol is a flavonol found in many plant sources that exhibits antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-angiogenic, anti-metastatic, anti-obesity, and anticancer chemotherapeutic activities. Kaempferol inhibits LPS-induced release of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18 as well as activation of NF-κB and Akt in vitro. In neurons, kaempferol decreases glutamate-induced increases in ROS levels and oxidative stress. In animal models of bladder cancer, this compound inhibits cell proliferation, induces apoptosis, and decreases tumor growth. In vitro, kaempferol also decreases adipogenesis, suppresses triglyceride synthesis, and increases lipolysis. Kaempferol inhibits VEGF secretion and angiogenesis in cellular models. In osteosarcoma cells, this compound inhibits cell migration by decreasing expression of uPA and matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP2/9).