Description
Pemetrexed is an antifolate anticancer chemotherapeutic that inhibits thymidylate synthase. Pemetrexed is currently in clinical trials as a potential treatment for ovarian cancer and lung adenocarcinoma. Pemetrexed may also inhibit other enzymes involved in folate metabolism, including serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT). In vitro, Pemetrexed induces activation of caspases 2, 3, 8, and 9 and increases levels of Bax, Fas, death receptor 4 (DR4), and death receptor 5 (DR5), resulting in caspase-mediated apoptosis.