Description
Securinine is an alkaloid found in Securinega leaves and roots that exhibits anticancer, antifungal, neuromodulatory, cognition enhancing, and neuroprotective activities. Securinine induces G1 phase cell cycle arrest, upregulates expression of p53 and Bax, and downregulates expression of Bcl-2, PI3K, mTOR, and p70s6k in breast cancer cells and promyelocytic leukemia cells. Securinine activates p38 MAPK, enhancing monocyte antibacterial activity in vitro as well. This compound also exhibits antimicrobial activity against Alternaria, Curvularia, and Helminthosporum. Additionally, securinine inhibits GABA-A receptors, decreases AChE activity, and suppresses amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced glial inflammatory responses in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease, improving cognitive deficits.