Description
Irsogladine exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and mucoprotective activities. Irsogladine decreases non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced intestinal mucosal injury, ulcers, and esophagitis; it inhibits COX-1 and COX-2. In animal models of colitis, irsogladine prevents DDS-induced increases in TGF-β1, collagen type 1, MMP2, TIMP-1, and α-SMA, preventing fibrosis. Additionally, irsogladine non-selectively inhibits phosphodiesterases, increasing cAMP and NO, facilitating gap junction communication and altering gastric mucosal blood flow.