Description
13-cis Retinoic acid is an agonist at retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoic X receptors (RXRs); it is clinically used to treat brain cancers and acne vulgaris and exhibits anticancer chemotherapeutic, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities. 13-cis Retinoic acid induces differentiation of various cell types. In animal models of colitis, this compound decreases activity of myeloperoxidase, levels of IL-12, and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In vitro, 13-cis retinoic acid also inhibits expression of the angiotensin 1 (AT-1) receptor.